What is a Low Pressure Area in Meteorology

When you see the red capital letter L on a weather map, youre looking at a symbolic representation of a low-pressure area (or low). A low is an area where air pressure is lower than it is in other areas surrounding it. As a general rule of thumb, lows have a pressure of around 1000 millibars (29.54 inches of mercury). Low air pressure tends to bring stormy weather and have counterclockwise winds. Lets explore why this is. How Lows Form In order for a low to form, something must happen to decrease air pressure over a certain spot. This something is the flow of air from one place to another. It happens when the atmosphere tries to even out a temperature contrast, like that which exists at the boundary between cold and warm air masses. This is why lows are always accompanied by a warm front and a cold front; the differing air masses are responsible for creating the low center. Low Pressure = Stormy Weather Air rises near areas of low pressure, and its a general rule of meteorology that when air rises, it cools and condenses. Thats because the temperature is higher in the upper part of the atmosphere. As water  vapor condenses,  it creates clouds, precipitation, and generally unsettled weather. The kind of weather a location sees during the passage of a low pressure system depends on where it is relative to the warm and cold fronts. Locations in front of the low center (out ahead of the warm front) typically see cool temperatures and steady precipitation.Locations to the south and east of a low center (a region known as the warm sector) will see warm, moist weather. Because winds flow counterclockwise around a low in the Northern Hemisphere, winds in the warm sector are generally from the south. This results in milder air being fed into the system. Showery precipitation and thunderstorms also occur here, but at the boundary of a warm sector and the leading edge of the cold front.Locations behind, or to the west of a low center will see cold, dry weather. This is because the counterclockwise flow of winds around the low are from a northerly direction, suggesting colder temperatures. Its also typical to see conditions clearing here (the colder, denser air is more stable). While its possible, in general, to say low pressure stormy weather, every low-pressure area is unique. Mild or extreme weather conditions develop based on the strength of the  low-pressure system. Some lows are weak and only produce light rain and moderate temperatures, while others may be strong enough to produce severe thunderstorms, tornadoes, or a major winter storm. If a low is unusually intense, or deep, it can even take on the characteristics of a hurricane. Sometimes surface lows can extend upward into the middle layers of the atmosphere. When they do this theyre known as troughs. Troughs are long areas of low pressure that can lead to rain, wind, and other weather events.

Self-Acceptance is the Key to Happiness - 792 Words

When we are young children, we are introduced to the concept of living happily ever after. This is a fairy-tale emotional state of absolute happiness, where nothing really happens, and nothing even seems to matter. It is a state of feeling good all the time. In fairy tales, this feeling is usually found in fulfilling marriages, royal castles, singing birds and laughing children. In real life, an even-keeled mood is more psychologically healthy than a mood in which you frequently achieve great heights of happiness. Furthermore, when you ask people what makes their lives worth living, they rarely mention their mood. They are more likely to talk about what they find meaningful, such as their work or relationships. Research suggests that if†¦show more content†¦Giving too much importance to upcoming events and future possessions, they rely on them to make their lives better, while studies and statistics clearly show that we usually â€Å"overestimate the intensity and duration of our emotional reactions† (Gertner, 447). As Gilbert says, a newly bought computer, car, or house, will very quickly lose its magic and fail in making its possessor happier. This position only comforted my personal point of view. I see the notion of happiness as independent from any kind of belonging or social status. Indeed, every day, millions of married people long for their lost freedom, while others envy these same people who have succeeded in their relationships and found their significant other. The same way will the person who just purchased a highly expensive car will soon begin to notice its imperfections and dream of a better, stronger and faster engine. Therefore, the belief that satisfying desires will lead to happiness is a false one, and can only cause greed and insatiability. So if happiness is a â€Å"lasting† state of well being, shouldn’t it be inherent of something more durable in human nature, and depend less on external incentives? The way I see it, happiness is in life itself. The Gilbert metaphor of a ‘psychological immune system’ (Gertner, 447) encourages my opinion that the stereotype ofShow MoreRelatedLove. Loves Is A Four Letter Word With A Lot Of Significance.1304 Words   |  6 Pagesa part of love. Yet, it doesn’t simply begin from one day to another. Love is a necessity that starts with one-self, within each person. Self-love is very important not just for that individual but for everyone around. Love has the capability to bring such a simple feeling as happiness. Love is the key to striving and living a vigorous life, self-love is included as well. Many see self-love as â€Å"selfish and narcissistic† (Kipp). Its is not selfish nor narcissistic, it is something that is to be valuedRead MoreImpact of Cross-Cultural Differences on Different Perceptions of Happiness1358 Words   |  5 Pagesof happiness. A careful analysis of Weiners findings, which are rooted in research, shows that there are universal patterns and trends beyond individual and cultural differences. Happiness entails understanding the curious combination of internal and external factors; environmental triggers and the human psychological response to those triggers. Buddhist societies like those of Bhutan and Thailand show that happiness manifests when the individual no longer chases happiness, because happiness isRead MoreThe Pursuit Of Understanding Happiness1201 Words   |  5 Pagesand Motivation In the pursuit of understanding happiness, there are two forms of theoretical perspectives called hedonic and eudemonic happiness. Each form of happiness represents the determinant of an individuals’ well-being. Hedonic happiness focus more on activities that bring individuals’ pleasure whereas, eudemonic happiness focus on the circumstances that influence people emotions and life’s expectations. Fisher (2010) defines hedonic happiness as the pursuit of pleasure. These pleasures mayRead MoreHistorical Perspective : What You See Yourself862 Words   |  4 PagesHistorical perspective summary Key concept # 1 self concept describes how you see yourself. overall perception of your abilities, behaviors, and personality. Ideal self is the person you dike to be. Not shaped by your desires for yourself but is shaped by other’s perceptions and evaluations and acceptance of you. If these two match up, youre happy. The greater the difference, may caue anger, depression. Key concept # 2 actual self making progress towards ideal self is self actualization, the basicRead MoreImproving Self Esteem And Live A Better Life1242 Words   |  5 PagesHow to Improve Self Esteem and Live a Better Life By Kassie Lyne | Submitted On March 03, 2012 Recommend Article Article Comments Print Article Share this article on Facebook Share this article on Twitter Share this article on Google+ Share this article on Linkedin Share this article on StumbleUpon Share this article on Delicious Share this article on Digg Share this article on Reddit Share this article on Pinterest One of the questions psychologists and counselors of all kinds find themselvesRead MoreFamily Value Is Important For Life1696 Words   |  7 Pages I think we all can agree that at some point in our life we asked our self about â€Å"what makes human life matter†? Some of us, including myself, always perceived Human life as something this very precious and important. Even though the answer to this question is ambiguous, people often have a different answer. Some of us only care about life that has some way connected to us or had an impact in our life. However, as for me, the one that stands out above all would value of family because theyRead MoreEvaluation of a Business Code of Ethics Essay1369 Words   |  6 Pagesits employees, and maximum financial stability with focus on the highest morals (First Energy Corp, 2010). The key pulled from the previous statement attempts to substantiate the ethical system with maximum stability portraying the highest morals. Utili tarianism explains that correct actions are actions that provide the highest balance of happiness over sadness. Every person’s happiness is of equal importance (Lasley Pickett, 1992). The following paragraphs will provide more information into theRead MoreHappiness666 Words   |  3 PagesWorkplace  Happiness  Lecture Key  Questions †¢ What  is  happiness? †¢ Why  is  happiness  important? †¢ Cognitive  Lens:  How  do  we   understand/misunderstand  what  will  make  us   happy  at  work? †¢ Situational  Lens:  When  are  people  happy  at   work? †¢ Trait  Lens:  Who  is  happy  at  work? What  is  Happiness? 1 30/04/2013 What  is  Happiness? †¢ Happiness: – an  emotional  state. – how  you  feel  about  yourself  and  the  world. †¢ Satisfaction  with  Life: – more  global  judgment  about  your  acceptance  with   your  life  conditionsRead More`` Slumdog Millionaire And The Great Gatsby By Wendy Wu : Homecoming Warrior1544 Words   |  7 Pageshis terms of happiness. A key scene which helped me come to this realization that money cannot buy happiness is the scene of Jamal won the game show. Boyle symbolized the concept of money through a medium shot film techniques to capture Jamal passive expression when he won. This scene signified that money couldn t buy happiness as Jamal believes his terms of happiness is not wealth but finding Latika is his happiness. People today, including myself, measured their success/happiness only by wealthRead MoreThe First Wave Of Psychological Therapy1386 Words   |  6 Pages Linehan, 2004). The third wave is the most current theory which focuses on traditional cognitive-behavioral concepts with the addition of mindfulness techniques and the acceptance of thoughts (Hayes, M asuda, Bissett, Luoma, Guererro, 2004). This third wave of cognitive-behavioral therapies includes such methods as acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT; Hayes, Strosahl, Wilson, 1999), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT; Linehan, Armstrong, Suarez, Allmon, Heard, 1991), mindfulness-based cognitive

Rainbow’s End †Belonging Free Essays

â€Å"At the heart of any individual journey is the tension between belonging and not belonging. † Psychologist Abraham Maslow constructed a theory of self-identity. He believed that for one to understand themselves that had to achieve a true sense of belonging. We will write a custom essay sample on Rainbow’s End – Belonging or any similar topic only for you Order Now The concept of belonging is explored through Jane Harrisons, ‘Rainbow’s End’, as well as Rachel Perkins television drama ‘Redfern Now’ episode ‘Stand Up’. Both texts represent belonging and not belonging through place, family and community. Each text emphasises on the tension between belonging and not belonging from the aspect of an individual’s journey. A Place is an essential part of belonging. Aboriginals believe that they do not own the land, that they are a part of it. However European settlement didn’t respect the Aboriginal culture and values. Despite constant issues between indigenous and non-indigenous land rights and owner ship the indigenous population still have a strong connect with land and thus, place. In ‘Rainbow’s End’ the Dear family live in a humpy on the river bank, which is prone to flooding. Despite the troubles with their home, Dolly is proud to be from the flats. I’m from the flats, not even one of those townie types of cross-over aboriginals†. This quote communicates how proud Dolly is of her Aboriginal culture and that she feels connected to it by where she lives. In ‘Redfern Now’, the representation about place is completely different. Clifton Grammar is a privileged private school, in North Sydney. The school is a symbol of upper white class society. The school is often showed as a low angle shot, this highlights power and authority because the angles of the camera make the school seem larger. A completely different shot is used to show Joel in this very scene. After the low angle shot of the school, there is a high angle shot of Joel. High angle shots express a lack of power by making Joel look smaller, especially when compared to the intimidating school. This emphasises the substantial difference between the rich white private school and Joel’s aboriginal culture, as well as his life in Redfern. Family can provide the deepest form of belonging. The Dear family do not refer to home as a place, home is the connections that all three women share with each other and ancestral past. Dolly’s connection with her family is highlighted in the end of scene thirteen, act 1. Errol asks Dolly to move to the city with him, where he wants to have a future with her and spoil her. She refuse’s and Errol can’t understand why, she explains â€Å"But†¦ a real home? A real home is where there are people looking out for each other. † Unlike Errol Dolly is extremely close to her family and Errol fails to see that family is Dolly’s definition of belonging. The difference in Joel’s family opinion is massive. Joel’s mother wants him to fit in at Clifton Grammar because it is such as privilege to attend the school and the opportunities the school will provide will set Joel up for life. However Joel’s father wants Joel to stick to his aboriginal morals, therefore not standing up and signing the Australian national anthem during assembly. This is represented by costuming and dialog. Joel’s mother says â€Å"you look very handsome in your uniform – it suits you. † Compared to Joel’s father saying â€Å"You look good, you look deadly. If you were going to court. † Both these quotes are said while Joel is in his uniform, highlighting the difference of opinion. Dealing with the pressure from both parents, this puts Joel in an awkward position. The tension between parents is related to belonging and not belonging because only one parent will accept his decision, therefore the other will not feel as appreciated because Joel has rebelled against their beliefs and values. Nan Dear and Gladys represent a different form of community. Nan Dear represents the Indigenous community, believing that the substantial difference between Indigenous Australians and White Australians should remain. Unlike Gladys who wants both cultures to combined to make a society in which everyone is equal. Each character tries to manipulate Dolly into sharing their beliefs. Nan Dear reminds Dolly of want white people have done to the Aboriginal community â€Å"and hospital is where they take our babies away. † This quote scratches the surface of the issues of the stolen generation, therefore this quote creates an allusion of the historical problem. Unlike Nan Dear Gladys looks towards the future is a positive light. To help Dolly fit into the white community she tries to get her a job at the bank. While talking to the bank manager Gladys wears white gloves through the technique of costuming this expresses her trying to fit into the white community. Similarly, Joel becomes an outcast from the Redfern community because he is attending Clifton Grammar. This concept is captured through costuming. While Joel is walking to school he is joined by to boys that give him a hard time because of what he is wearing compared to their casual public school uniform. Even though Joel does no longer belong to the Redfern community, he doesn’t belong to the school community either. This is because he refuses to stand up and sign the Australian national anthem. This is similar to Gladys, this creates tension between belonging and not belonging because of the divided culture and race of indigenous and non-indigenous Australians. Each text demonstrates the importance of belonging and the reality of not belonging. Even though both texts are set in different decades the difference between Indigenous Australians and White Australians are extremely noticeable in both. All characters in ‘Rainbow’s End’ and ‘Redfern Now’ deal with tension between belonging and not belonging through place, family and community. How to cite Rainbow’s End – Belonging, Essay examples

Accounting For Managers Suppourt

Questions: (a) How much are Casino Computer Service Centers total asset? (b) How much are Casino Computer Service centers total Liabilities? (c) Can the company pays its debts and remain in business? (d) Calculate the amount of profit or loss for Casino Computer Service Center. (e) Calculate Casino Computer Service Centres equity and accounting equation. (f) An asset is similar to an expense. Do you agree? Discuss and use examples to support your discussion. (g) Calculating the following ratios for the two companies. Return on Equity Ratio (in %) Gross Profit Ratio (in %) Net Profit Ratio (in %)Inventory Turnover period (No. of Days) Inventory Turnover period Debtors Settlement period (No. of Days) Capital gearing ratio (in %) Current Ratio (No. of times) Quick or (Acid Test) Ratio (No. of times) Answers: (a)The total assists of Casino Computer Service Centres are $60200 comprising of cash , Accounts receivable and Land (b)The total liabilities of Casino Computer Service Centres are $2700 comprising of Accounts payable. (c)Yes, the company can pay its debts and remain in business because it is generating service revenue, it has good amount of cash in hand and accrue accounts receivable. The company can easily pay off its debts and stay in business. (d)The amount of profit is Service revenue-Office supplies-Rent expense-Salary expense-Interest expense-Utilities expense-dividend ,therefore total profit is $15000-$500-$3500-$2600-$400-$500-$4500 =$7500 (e)Theaccounting equationis: Total side of the Debit side = Total liabilitie side including shareholder equity. The balance sheet is a multifaceted show of thisequation, viewing that the total debit side that is the asset side of a corporation are equal to the credit side of the balance sheet including shareholder funds. Therefore Cash + Accounts receivable Land = Accounts payable + Share Capital+ Retained earnings 25200+5000+30000=2700+40000+14500+3000 Note: The profit of $3000 is included as it will be transferred to the retained earnings of current financial year. (f) An asset cannot be classified as an expense . Asset are resources that are owned by the company, it can be anything an intangible asset or in tangible asset. Expenses are the expenditure that are incurred by the company in respect to the business operations. They cant be classified as resources and they doesnt add economic value to the company as asset provides. For example goodwill is an instable asset, land in this example is a fixed asset. Rent expense , utility expense can be said as an expense incurred by the company to generate revenue. (g)Equity return ratio is a effectivenessrelationshipthat trials the aptitude of a corporaton to make profits from its stockholders moneys in the business (The Economic Times, 2016). Return on equity can be classified as Average income ROE =Annual Net Income/Average Stockholders' Equity ACDC ltd: 170/1140 =.14 or 14% Beeges Ltd: 170/420 = .40 or 40% Thegrossmarginrelationis considered by dividing the business'sgross profitdollars by its remaining transactions or sales dollars. It is termed as an effectiveness ratio that shows the relationship among gross profit and total net sales income. It an effective basis to assess the operational presentation of the business . Gross profit: Gross profit / Net sales ACDC ltd: 680/2880 = .23 or 23% Beeges Ltd: 500/2800= .17 or 17% Net profit ratio is the ratio that is the profit after tariff or tax to net sales . All the cost of production, and all the administration costs , all expenditure that is necessary to generate revenue for the business like rent expense ,cost of materials, electricity expense and the income tax are recognised accordingly. It is not an indicator of proper cash flows as it includes many non-cash items like depreciation, the expenses which are accrued , amortisation expense,. It is actually a small term measurement and cannot be relied upon for long term purpose. A corporation may postponement a diversity ofoptional expenses, such as upkeep, to make its net profit ratio appear more proper than it is already existing (Ready ratio, 2012). Additional plan that can insincerely make the ratio lower is when a business's proprietors need to diminish taxes, and so hasten the acknowledgment of taxable revenue into the present time. Net profit ratio : Net profit / Sales ACDC ltd: = 170/ 2880 = .05 or 5% Beeges Ltd = 170/ 2800 = .06 or 6% In bookkeeping or accounting, theInventory revenueis a quantity of the amount of times stockis vended or castoff in a timeperiodsuch as a year or half a year.. This is actually an indication how good the company is handling inventory and generating more sales and earn more revenue. A high ratio will result in lost revenue as there is no stock to meet the demand. Inventory turnover ratio :The cost of the good that is sold /Average Stock ACDC ltd = 2200/640= 3 i.e. 1/3*365= 123 days Beeges Ltd = 2300/100= 23 i.e. 1/23* 365 = 16 days Debtors Payment period is the standard time it takes whichever for a corporate to pay its creditors or debtors for what they owe. It actually helps a company to know how much time the company will be able to bet its money. Average payment or settlement period for debtors = trade debtors x 365 days / credit sales ACDC ltd = 560*365/2880= 70 days BeeGees Ltd = 220*365/2800 = 27 days Assuming that the sales are not cash sales and are credit sales. Capital gearing ratiois a good method to keep a check at the the capital assembly of a corporation and is considered by dividing the shared shareholders equity by immovable interest or dividend bearing funds. Properly overviewing capital arrangement means calculating the association between the funds provided by shared stockholders and the reserves delivered by those who obtain a periodic interest or dividend at a rate that is fixed. It is actually a measure of the performance of the company and is helpful for the investors (Ashok, 2016) Capital gearing ratio : Stockholders equity : Fixed interest bearing funds ACDC ltd = 1140/1000= 1.14 BeeGees Ltd =420/200 = 2.1 Current ratio is the liquidity ratio which indicates about how frequently the company is able to meet its short term debts and long term obligations. It is also known as the working capital ratio. It indicate good health of the companys condition Current ratio : Current assists/ Current liabilities (Folger, 2016) ACDC ltd = 1380/300= 4.6 times BeeGees Ltd = 550/600 = .91 times Quick ratio Quick ratio is the ratio which indicates how healthy the corporation is able to meet its financial liabilities. Quick ratio excludes stock from the assists. The ratio originates its name seemingly from the resource such as assets such as cash and saleable securities are rapid sources of cash and it does not include inventories as inventories take time to convert in to cash. Whether accounts receivable is a source of ready cash is debatable, however, and depends on the credit terms that the company extends to its customers. Quick ratio = (Assests that are current stock) / current obligations, or = (cash +saleable securities+ any receivables) / current obligations ACDC ltd = 750/300= 2.5 times BeeGees Ltd = 450/600= .75 times To comment on the ratio we would go with the with the ROE ratio where the ACDC ltd has low ratio than BeeGees Ltd. It means BeeGees Ltd is able to make more profits from the shareholders. The gross profit ratio of ACDC ltd is higher than Beegees ltd is higher it means the company sales are high with low cost of production. Coming to quick ratio ACDC ltd is overpowering the other company as it has high ratio that mean liquidity rise as the ratio rises. Same goes with the current ratio as the ratio of ACDC Ltd is increasing the liquidity power is rising and it is beneficial for the investors also. Net profit ratio of BeeGees Ltd is more which means more profits for the company and it does not include any depreciation or other on cash item so it is generating actual profits. Coming to the debtors average settlement period where the ACDC ltd is taking more days to pay its money and the other company is taking less days, so it means Beegees ltd has a good control over paying its debtors. Capital gearing ratio is better when the ratio is lower ,in this case ACDC has a low ratio it means it is good for the investors to go with the ratio and invest. Capital gearing ratio is usually seen by the investors to invest in the company. In inventory collection period , the higher the ratio or days the bad it is therefore Beegee is overpowering ACDC ltd. At the end it is seen that ratios play an important role in letting the company, the stock holders, the investor , the third parties know about the financial results of the company and various measures are provided to keep things at place. It is an important tool for the company to ask loans and can raise by having proper ratios and can make proper analysis of the firm. They can easily chalk out a plan for the corporation. Proper cost cutting facilities are doe by this, the debtors creditor come to know about the collection period and the company tends to know about the profit ratio that they are generating and useful for compa ring results from previous year. References: Ready ratios. (2012).Net profit margin. Retrieved 11 December 2016 from https://www.readyratios.com/reference/profitability/net_profit_margin.html Folger, J . (2016).Formula for calculating current ratio. Retrieved 11 December 2016 from https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/070114/what-formula-calculating-current-ratio.asp Ashok, M . (2016).Capital gearing. Retrieved 11 December 2016 from https://www.accountingnotes.net/financial-management/capital-structure/capital-gearing-meaning-and-significance/7966 The Economic times . (2016).Return on equity. Retrieved 11 December 2016 from https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/definition/return-on-equity

A Glance at Nothing free essay sample

I was hopeless, watching the rest. Who was I? And why was I not with them. As the sun cut its arm, and extended its flowing blood to me, I felt its beat. The ringing light brought clarity. A tinted vision, it was almost too much. My first moment of true, deep thought would come of this surreal sense of surrounding. My friends were running, careless, in the breeze of the wind. Yet, I had stayed in my room. Why? I did not know. Depression? I thought not. I was five years old! Why wasn’t I out there? It was the perfect summer weather, where you feel the constant motivation to explore, imagine and play. The time of season where the cornfield by my house held a maze of witches and treasure. I watched as the laughter of these kids were made silent by my closed window. Somehow, I didn’t want to hear their laughs. We will write a custom essay sample on A Glance at Nothing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page With the endless smiles and expressions of their faces, I was worried the sound would ruin it. Eventually, I had sat beneath my window. With the vivid strength of the hazy orange light, I could hardly see the outlines of my walls. It was a vision blurred, and I searched for clarity. There was dust in the midst of this light, and it created a vast, complex sight. Where one speck of nothingness twirled with the other in an endless dance, a clear creation of some splendid something. It was a universe. Each one had its life, a life that by all mathematics and measurements could never again be repeated. The tiniest of movements in the room could move these lives in a different direction. Re-creation of this moment could never again happen. For that reason it was sacred, and kept by me. This individual moment became everything. I changed there, with my back against the grainy wall. The plain colored wood of my sill hung above my head as I gazed. How could I be normal? I hoped I wasn’t, I knew I wasn’t. With a schizophrenic grandma, my mom taking pills to be sane, and the utmost stereotype of a manly-man as my dad†¦ What were the odds of me ever being normal? A mix of insanity and complete simplicity. In the infinite string of time, I had now, my first contemplation on the complexity that life is. I found my goal in life. My mind would be an endless struggle. A battleground of thoughts where I would, from now on, challenge everything. To accept my individuality, to both create and dismantle views on the world, until I had found the way the universe truly worked. Until I answered the forbidden fruit of questions. I sought a complete understanding and the highest of wisdom, a path that these specs of nothing had bestowed upon me. This was a quest to reach the highest tower. A journey, with a road lain by those great thinkers before me. An ignorance of all great resource to knowledge is unbearable to me. I shall pour myself into this oddly traveled dirt road. A trail that, dare I say, takes effort. There are stepping stones to understanding, yet the distractions of this world seem too great. I stare at the mountains in the valley of my room’s flat carpet. Foot and destiny, flush, firm, and proud to be brought together. The gazing black clouds ahead are strewn with hate, and the road upon I stand, seeks their master. Hell-bent, I sought impossibility. Mortal-ridden, I seek to complete the path before my death. There in my room, was my start. Truth, unbiased truth, wisdom’s treasure, and power in knowledge, I desire. Gazing at a galaxy of nothing exposes how little we truly know of a galaxy that is our something. I want to know.

buy custom Medicare essay

buy custom Medicare essay The current and future financial status of the Medicare has largely been subject to the health reforms that have taken place in the recent past. Some of these reforms increase the Medicare spending while others decrease the expenditure, geared at increasing benefits either in coverage or to facilitate the efficient operations of the program respectively. Others improve the quality and delivery of care. Considering benefits improvement, we have a hundred and five billion dollars budgeted for a period of ten years. From the year 2011, Medicare will be covering new annual wellness visits, which will have a personalized prevention plan. In this plan the expenditure will be five billion dollars. Primary care physicians and other providers will spend additional eight billion dollars. What one can conclude from this argument is that Medicare is experiencing a lot of financial constraint. It, therefore, has been necessary to ease this mounting pressure (Barr, 2011). The government and Medicare organizations have put dramatic efforts to increase Medicare savings; as a result the savings have increased to five hundred and thirty three billion dollars. This has been possible due to the reduction of expenditure by Medicare as propelled by the health reform law. The annual increase in payments that health providers ought to receive from Medicare has generated 219 billion dollars. Other reductions generated from provider payments also contributed to this savings portion. An approximate of twenty five percent (136 billion dollars) of the total savings generated from reductions in payment made to medical advantage plans. An increase in the premiums payments for higher income beneficiaries of Medicare is yet another source contributing thirty six billion dollars. It is worth noting that the new board, tasked with reducing Medicare expenditure to levels below defined targets, contributes to sixteen percent whereas other delivery reforms contribute to twelve percent of the total savngs. In the current time, people have a choice of a traditional fee-for service Medicare, or one can enroll in a Medicare advantage plan (MA); for instance, HMOs and PPOs. Note that Medicare advantage plans normally receive a given fixed amount of money for every enrollee. Therefore, they get more than the amount traditional Medicare receives. This is a move by the congress, aimed at encouraging more Medicare advantage plan participation, as well as higher enrollment. Consequently, more plans have been developed with increasing enrollments (Brown, 1992). In fact, the number of enrollees has increased by more than double from the initial size between the year 2004 and 2010. Medicare has thus been compelled to pay more for beneficiaries who enroll in Medicare advantage plans, than it does to those of traditional Medicare. From cost-benefit analysis it is evident that the Medicare program has higher expenditure to revenue thus shortening the life of Trust Fund and increasing payments made by other beneficiaries. In ten years, the Medicare expenditure has to be reduced by one hundred and thirty six billion dollars due to three key provisions. Freezing benchmarks is one of them. If plans presented a bid to Medicare that is below the benchmark, they would be allowed to keep 75% of the difference in their offer and the Medicare maximum, also called the rebate. The health reform law freezes a maximum payment that Medicare will pay the Medicare advantage plans in 2011. The law freezes in decreasing proportions of payments based on the average Medicare cost in every county in the year 2012. In addition, Medicare keeps a larger share of the difference between the plans bid and the county level benchmark. This reduces the amount that plans were previously able to keep, called the rebate. The law also includes a new system of bonus payments to plans, based on a new five star quality rating system. Their impact is not known yet, but it is highly likely that the followwing will happen: there will be fewer enrollees in the Medicare advantage plans, extra benefits for Medicare advantage plans, enrollees will be fewer with time, and finally, the number of plans will probably be fewer (Timothy, 2010). CBO has initiatives estimated to reduce Medicare expenditure by twelve billion dollars in ten years. One of them is a reduction of payments for cases of hospitalization that are preventable. The other one is reduced payment on conditions that are hospital-acquired. Before the implementation of the law on health reforms, analysts of the Medicare part A Trust Fund projected that this trust fund was going to be exhausted by the year 2017. With the enforcement of the Health reform legislation, the Part A Trust Fund will last up to 2029. This is because of the Medicare savings provision, and the new Medicare payroll tax provision. Because of the increase in health cost with time, we expect that Medicare will face tough challenges in the future. In fact, it is likely to double as the share of the gross domestic product (GDP). In proportion terms, it will increase from 3.5% in the year 2010 to 6.4% in the year 2030. The Congressional budget office shows that a rise in health cost has caused a growth in Medicare enrollment, and not due to the Baby Boom generation. The major courses of increase in Medicare spending are: price inflation leading to prices increase, increased volumes of beneficiaries and the introduction of new technologies in the Medicare program. As the population ages, they tend to turn to the Medicare. Medicare, in this case, is taken as a primary source of health insurance. The public also considers Medicare as a pillar of retirement security (Barr 2011). We expect the health reform law to reduce the Medicare spending significantly. By 2015, for example, we project the Medicare spending to be less by fifty billion dollars. Therefore, we anticipate improved financial status in future, holding other factors constant. Buy custom Medicare essay

Microeconomics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Microeconomics - Essay Example This is especially true in the high-end home market where inventory is rising sharply and is beginning to experience falling prices. The resiliency of the real estate market and its reluctance to react to intuitive supply and demand pressures is a result of the seller's option to hold their property. The inelastic nature of the market is largely due to two factors. Typically long lead times for real estate inventory to affect prices and the ability of the seller to exercise discretion both contribute to the seemingly strange market condition. In the article, Bob Walters, chief economist for Quicken Loans, says, "People will hold their house on the market longer, rather than accept a lower price". This seller discretion indicates we may see further slowing of sales before prices begin to slip. However, warning signs of increased weakening are on the horizon. A Deerfield, IL. agent said that homes in the $1 million dollar range are beginning to feel the stagnation. He states that houses in this range have as much as a four year inventory and in some cases have seen a 50% drop in prices in the last few months. The increase in supply in this range has finally caught up with the number of sellers who need to find a buyer.